Question 1

A.Explain the difference between an algorithm and a heuristic.
B)What is one benefit of using an algorithm to solve a problem?
 C.What is one benefit of using a heuristic to solve a problem?
 D.Think about a problem in your own life and provide an example of how you could solve it using an algorithm and how you could solve it using a heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Explain the difference between an algorithm and...

Question 2

This summer,you want to take a week-long vacation in Europe,but cannot afford it.Pick one of the problem-solving strategies (subgoals,working backward,or analogies)and use it to solve this problem.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This summer,you want to take a week-long...

Question 3

A.Discuss how cultural bias can influence intelligence test scores.
B)Describe the kinds of test (or give the name)that show the least amount of cultural bias.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Discuss how cultural bias can influence intelligence...

Question 4

A.Describe the difference between fixed and crystallized intelligence.
B)Provide an example of each.
C)What is the relationship between these two types of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Describe the difference between fixed and crystallized...

Question 5

Larry wants to see whether he can influence his students' test scores.When he gives his students their English test,he says "Tall students tend to perform worse than short students on this test." Indeed,the tall students do get lower scores on the test.These results provide support for the existence of

Accepted Answer

Larry's statement is an example of stereotype threat, which refers to the phenomenon where individuals are negatively influenced by the awareness of a negative stereotype about their group. The tall students' lower test scores may have been influenced by this stereotype threat that Larry introduced.

Question 6

A.Describe the difference between an aptitude and an achievement test.
B)Provide an example of each kind of test.
C)When would you be most likely to use each type of test?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Describe the difference between an aptitude and...

Question 7

Jackie is very good at English and psychology.
 A)Use general intelligence theory to make predictions about what we would expect Jackie's math and science abilities to be.
B)Explain why you are making each prediction.
C)Use multiple intelligences theory to make predictions about what we would expect Jackie's math and science abilities to be.
D.Explain why you are making each prediction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jackie is very good at English and...

Question 8

A.Name the three different models of concepts.
B)Pick two of these models and describe two similarities.
C)Describe two differences between these two models.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Name the three different models of concepts.
B)Pick...

Question 9

Robert is a great problem solver and is able to solve novel problems using new and interesting ways.However,he often gets overwhelmed and frustrated trying to deal with everyday tasks.
A.Use the triarchic theory of intelligence to rate Robert's intelligence.
B)Explain why Robert would be high or low on each aspect of the triarchic theory of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Robert is a great problem solver and...

Question 10

A.Define stereotype threat.
B)Describe two ways in which stereotype can influence performance.
C)Think about the real world and provide an example of stereotype that might influence your own life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Define stereotype threat.
B)Describe two ways in which...

Question 11

A.Describe the general research findings on stereotype threat.
B)Describe one way in which the effects of stereotype threat can be reduced.
C)Think about the real world and provide an example of stereotype that might influence your own life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Describe the general research findings on stereotype...

Question 12

A.Describe the difference between analogical and symbolic representations.
 B.Provide an example of an analogical and a symbolical representation (one example each).

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Describe the difference between analogical and symbolic...

Question 13

Right before her geometry exam,Julie heard a story about how women have trouble in geometry because it requires spatial manipulation.Even though she was prepared for the test,she did not do as well as she would have done had she not heard that story.Based on this,you know that Julie's performance was most likely impaired by

Accepted Answer

Julie's performance was likely impaired by stereotype threat, which is the experience of anxiety or concern in a situation where a person has the potential to confirm a negative stereotype about their social group. In this case, hearing about the stereotype that women have difficulty with spatial manipulation in geometry may have caused Julie to feel anxious and doubt her abilities, leading to decreased performance on the exam. None of the other options provided (A, C, or D) seem to adequately explain Julie's decreased performance on the geometry exam.

Question 14

A.Explain the paradox of choice.
B)According to the research findings,who would you expect to sell more chocolate: a small store with only a few chocolates to choose from or a large store with a large variety of chocolates to choose from?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Explain the paradox of choice.
B)According to the...

Question 15

Callum is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 15.A.Calculate Callum's intelligence quotient (IQ)and show your work.B.Explain what Callum's IQ tells us about his intelligence level,relative to other 10-year-olds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Callum is a 10-year-old with a mental...

Question 16

For an intelligence test to be useful,it must have both validity and reliability.
A.Explain what validity and reliability are.
B)Provide an example of something that has low validity but high reliability.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For an intelligence test to be useful,it...

Question 17

Before taking her calculus final,Heather reads a story about how men and women have equal abilities in math.As a result,Heather is __________ likely to do well on her exam because of __________.

Accepted Answer

Reading the story about gender equality in math can help reduce stereotype threat, which is the fear of confirming a negative stereotype about one's group. This can free Heather from worrying about being judged or stereotyped based on her gender and allow her to focus on her calculus exam. Therefore, she is more likely to do well on her exam because of reduced stereotype threat. Positive role models may provide inspiration or motivation, but they may not necessarily reduce stereotype threat.

Question 18

A.Describe the representativeness heuristic.
B)Explain the relationship between it and base rates.
C)Give a real-life example of the representativeness heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A.Describe the representativeness heuristic.
B)Explain the relationship between...

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of stereotype threat?

Accepted Answer

Stereotype threat affects short-term memory and cognitive performance, leading to distraction, anxiety, reduced confidence, and motivation. However, it does not directly disorganize information in long-term memory.

Quiz 8: Thinking and Intelligence

This summer,you want to take a week-long vacation in Europe,but cannot afford it.Pick one of the problem-solving strategies (subgoals,working backward,or analogies)and use it to solve this problem.

A.Discuss how cultural bias can influence intelligence test scores. B)Describe the kinds of test (or give the name)that show the least amount of cultural bias.

A.Describe the difference between fixed and crystallized intelligence. B)Provide an example of each. C)What is the relationship between these two types of intelligence?

A.Describe the difference between an aptitude and an achievement test. B)Provide an example of each kind of test. C)When would you be most likely to use each type of test?

A.Name the three different models of concepts. B)Pick two of these models and describe two similarities. C)Describe two differences between these two models.

A.Define stereotype threat. B)Describe two ways in which stereotype can influence performance. C)Think about the real world and provide an example of stereotype that might influence your own life.

A.Describe the general research findings on stereotype threat. B)Describe one way in which the effects of stereotype threat can be reduced. C)Think about the real world and provide an example of stereotype that might influence your own life.

A.Describe the difference between analogical and symbolic representations. B.Provide an example of an analogical and a symbolical representation (one example each).

A.Explain the paradox of choice. B)According to the research findings,who would you expect to sell more chocolate: a small store with only a few chocolates to choose from or a large store with a large variety of chocolates to choose from?

Callum is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 15.A.Calculate Callum's intelligence quotient (IQ)and show your work.B.Explain what Callum's IQ tells us about his intelligence level,relative to other 10-year-olds.

For an intelligence test to be useful,it must have both validity and reliability. A.Explain what validity and reliability are. B)Provide an example of something that has low validity but high reliability.

Before taking her calculus final,Heather reads a story about how men and women have equal abilities in math.As a result,Heather is likely to do well on her exam because of .

A.Describe the representativeness heuristic. B)Explain the relationship between it and base rates. C)Give a real-life example of the representativeness heuristic.

Which of the following is NOT a consequence of stereotype threat?