Frederick Gluck, Management Consultant, Says That for Firms to Develop

Frederick Gluck, management consultant, says that for firms to develop the flexibility to compete, managements must make the following change(s) in their planning methods:

A) top management must dedicate more time to deciding how things ought to be done.
B) the nature of planning must change from being an exercise in forecasting to being an exercise in creativity.
C) planning processes and tools that assume a future much like the past must be replaced.
D) strategic planning must be restored to strategic planning departments.
E) two of the above.