The type of evolution that results in a loss of genes encoding for unselected traits is called:

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Reductive evolution, also known as degenerative evolution or regressive evolution, is a type of evolution in which an organism loses certain traits or genes that are no longer necessary for survival. This occurs when natural selection removes these traits because they no longer provide a fitness advantage, resulting in a reduction of a genome or a population of organisms.

The Type of Evolution That Results in a Loss of Genes