Which of the following is TRUE?
A)Three aspects of validity - pragmatic,content,and construct - are not only conceptually independent but are in actual practice rarely related to each other.
B)A measure has been used repeatedly and has produced almost identical answers;therefore this instrument is valid.
C)Random error is less troublesome than systematic error.
D)Both a and b.
E)a,b,and c.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Random error can be accounted for and minimized through study design and increased sample size, whereas systematic error is more difficult to detect and correct for because it is inherent in the measurement process. Therefore, systematic error is generally considered more concerning than random error.

Option A is incorrect because the three aspects of validity are conceptually related and often have important practical implications for each other. 
Option B is incorrect because test-retest reliability (producing almost identical answers) is a measure of consistency or stability, but not necessarily validity. 
Option D and E are incorrect for the reasons given above.

Which of the Following Is TRUE