During World War II,all of the Following Were Allied Advances

During World War II,all of the following were Allied advances in intelligence-gathering EXCEPT the

A) creation of the Enigma machine for coded communications.
B) introduction of punched-hole card technology.
C) creation of the first programmable,digital computer.
D) breaking of the German codes early in the war.
E) breaking of Japanese codes before American entry into the war.