Federal Courts Have Consistently Upheld Conviction in RICO Cases When

Federal courts have consistently upheld conviction in RICO cases when they are challenged on the basis of double jeopardy by finding that

A) multiple offenses are valid as long as one element of the crime is different for each of the offenses.
B) a state prosecution under RICO requires a subsequent federal prosecution of the same person for the same act.
C) people convicted under a state substantive offense often prefer to be tried under a federal organized crime offense,since they usually receive shorter sentences.
D) multiple offenses are valid as long as they are applied to organized criminals.