Because the Confrontation Clause requires a witness to appear personally to face the defendant,a witness's written statement in a criminal case is never admissible.

Question

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While the Confrontation Clause does require a witness to appear personally to face the defendant, there are exceptions that may allow for a witness's written statement to be admitted as evidence, such as if the witness is unavailable to testify or if the statement is considered reliable and falls under a hearsay exception.

Because the Confrontation Clause Requires a Witness to Appear Personally