In an experiment designed to learn more about why some people perform so poorly on standardized tests, the researcher, Claude Steele, hypothesized that:

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Claude Steele's hypothesis, known as stereotype threat, suggests that when individuals are aware of negative stereotypes about their group (e.g. women, minorities), they may experience anxiety and perform worse on a test, as they perceive the consequences of performing poorly to be more significant. This implies that IQ scores are linked to what students perceive to be the consequences of their getting a low score.

In an Experiment Designed to Learn More About Why Some