Increased blood flow resistance is caused by

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Increased blood vessel length leads to increased resistance to blood flow due to the increased frictional force between the blood and the vessel walls. This is why longer vessels, such as arterioles and capillaries, have higher resistance to blood flow than shorter vessels like veins. Decreased blood viscosity (i.e. thinner blood) would actually decrease resistance to blood flow. Vasodilation would also decrease resistance to blood flow by increasing the size of the blood vessels, allowing for more blood to flow through them. Increased blood pressure could potentially increase resistance to blood flow by causing vessel walls to become stiffer, but this effect is not as significant as vessel length.

Increased Blood Flow Resistance Is Caused by