A researcher has found a strong relationship between level of education and income and concludes that "higher levels of education cause higher income." What error has been made?
A)None,the argument is sound.
B)Income is only nominal in level of measurement and education is ordinal so they cannot be causally related.
C)Since these variables are continuous and interval ratio,they cannot have a causal relationship.
D)By itself,association does not prove causation.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The researcher has made the error of assuming that the observed association between education level and income is a causal relationship. However, simply observing a strong correlation between two variables does not necessarily prove that one variable causes the other. Other factors may be influencing both variables, and further research would be needed to determine the causal relationship between education level and income.

A Researcher Has Found a Strong Relationship Between Level of Education