The type of behavior studied by McDougall differed from that studied by Pavlov and Watson in that it was:

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McDougall studied purposive behavior, which is behavior that is directed towards a goal or purpose. In contrast, Pavlov and Watson studied reflexive behavior, which is behavior that is elicited automatically by a stimulus, without any conscious control or awareness by the individual. McDougall's approach emphasized the role of instincts and motivation in driving behavior, whereas Pavlov and Watson focused on learned associations between stimuli and responses. Both approaches were important in the development of behaviorism as a field of psychology.

The Type of Behavior Studied by McDougall Differed from That