Reinforcement theories of drug use and abuse focus:
A) entirely on positive reinforcement.
B) entirely on negative reinforcement.
C) on both positive and negative reinforcement.
D) neither on positive nor on negative reinforcement.
E) none of the above.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Reinforcement theories of drug use and abuse emphasize both positive reinforcement (the pleasurable effects of drug use) and negative reinforcement (the relief from withdrawal or negative emotional states), explaining why individuals might initiate or continue substance use.

Reinforcement Theories of Drug Use and Abuse Focus