By the mid-nineteenth century,the world economy had divided into two major groups:

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The division of the world economy into those who produced manufactured goods and those who supplied raw materials was a result of the Industrial Revolution in Europe and North America. Industrialized nations produced mass-produced goods using advanced machinery and technology, while less developed nations supplied natural resources such as cotton, rubber, and minerals. This division remained relevant throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, creating a global economic hierarchy dominated by the industrialized nations.

By the Mid-Nineteenth Century,the World Economy Had Divided into Two