Associations between plant roots and fungi in which the fungi actually penetrate the outer cells of the plant root are:

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Endomycorrhizae, also known as arbuscular mycorrhizae, involve a fungus penetrating the outer cells of the plant root and forming structures called arbuscules within the root cells. This association is found in the majority of plant species and is important for nutrient uptake and plant growth. Ectomycorrhizae (A) involve a fungus forming a sheath around the plant root, but not penetrating the cells. Streptomycorrhizae (C) and staphylomycorrhizae (D) are not known or recognized types of mycorrhizae.

Associations Between Plant Roots and Fungi in Which the Fungi