William J.Wilson contends that the "underclass" exists primarily due to

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William J. Wilson argues that the underclass exists primarily due to the sharp climb in inner-city joblessness caused by the loss of lower-skill jobs. Wilson argues that as the economy shifted from manufacturing to a service-based economy, lower-skill jobs, particularly those in manufacturing, were lost or moved to the suburbs, leaving many inner-city residents without any viable job opportunities. This created a concentration of joblessness and poverty, which he refers to as the underclass.

William JWilson Contends That the "Underclass" Exists Primarily Due to