Merton argued that when a society extols common symbols of success for all while restricting the access to approved means for acquiring such goals,then deviant behavior is generated.

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Merton's theory of strain emphasizes that social structure and cultural values may put pressure on individuals to engage in deviant behavior when they are unable to achieve socially approved goals through legitimate means. The lack of opportunities to attain success leads individuals to find alternative, deviant means to achieve such goals.

Merton Argued That When a Society Extols Common Symbols of Success