Which of the Following Is Not a Demand Management Characteristic

Which of the following is not a demand management characteristic given in the textbook?

A) Recognizes forecasts are developed at a centralized point in the organization
B) Smoothes production after master production schedules have already been released to internal production and external suppliers
C) Is a process (versus a bounded business function) that requires the utmost in coordination and communication between the responsible parties
D) Has contingency plans developed with supply chain members to allow modification of short-term schedules when necessary
E) Balances the total costs of not meeting demand against the total costs of adding additional resources required to meet demand