In the U.S.,the official dates for each phase of a business cycle are determined after the fact by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER).

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This is true. The NBER is a non-profit organization that is responsible for determining the business cycle phases for the U.S. economy. They use a variety of economic indicators to determine when a recession has started or ended, and when an expansion has started or ended. These determinations are made after the fact, so the official dates for each phase of the business cycle are not known until the NBER announces them.

In the US,The Official Dates for Each Phase of a Business Cycle