The frequency of the allele that causes sickle cell disease is higher in some populations than in others because

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The allele that causes sickle cell disease also provides some resistance to malaria. In areas where malaria is prevalent (e.g. sub-Saharan Africa), individuals with the sickle cell allele have a selective advantage and are more likely to survive and pass on their genes. This explains why the frequency of the allele is higher in some populations than in others.

The Frequency of the Allele That Causes Sickle Cell Disease