The idea that evolution proceeds with long periods of stasis with relatively brief bursts of fast evolutionary change is:

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Punctuated equilibrium is the theory that proposes long periods of little or no evolutionary change punctuated by short periods of rapid change. This idea contrasts with gradualism, which suggests a slow and continuous process of evolution over time. Temporal isolation refers to the separation of populations by differences in the timing of their reproductive cycles. Catastrophism is the idea that changes in the Earth's crust are the result of sudden and violent events. Temporal equilibrium is not a recognized concept in evolutionary theory.

The Idea That Evolution Proceeds with Long Periods of Stasis