The Leadership Substitute Model Suggests That Under Certain Conditions Managers

The leadership substitute model suggests that under certain conditions managers do not have to play a leadership role:

A) when employees may not be able to accept the company's management's philosophy.
B) when the company is facing large changes in personnel.
C) because members of an organization sometimes can perform at a high level without a manager exerting influence over them.
D) when employees are not willing to accept changes.
E) when employees are being transferred to other locations.