Suppose researchers want to compare the abilities of 60-year-olds to those of 80-year-olds, but they worry about finding equivalent samples at the two ages. To minimize that problem, the best design for this study would be

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Longitudinal design allows researchers to follow the same group of individuals over time, which essentially eliminates the potential problem of finding equivalent samples at different ages. This design ensures that any differences observed between groups are not due to cohort effects, but rather changes that occur over time due to the aging process.

Suppose Researchers Want to Compare the Abilities of 60-Year-Olds to Those