Investigators distinguish among stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 of sleep by observing

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Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 of sleep are distinguished based on changes in brain wave patterns. Stage 1 is characterized by alpha waves, stage 2 by sleep spindles and K-complexes, stage 3 by delta waves, and stage 4 by predominantly delta waves. Eye movements and dream content are more closely associated with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Sleep position does not reliably distinguish between stages of sleep.

Investigators Distinguish Among Stages 1, 2, 3, and 4 of Sleep