Studies of personality and coping styles have found that the stress-immune functioning relationship is moderated by:

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Optimism has been found to be a protective factor against the negative effects of stress on immune functioning. Studies show that individuals who are more optimistic tend to have better immune functioning than those who are more pessimistic.

Answer: B
 Avoidance coping, which involves avoiding or suppressing stressful situations or emotions, has been found to be a maladaptive way of coping with stress. This coping style has been associated with poorer immune functioning.

Answer: D
 Pessimism has been found to be a risk factor for negative health outcomes, including impaired immune functioning. Studies show that individuals who have a more negative outlook on life tend to have weaker immune responses to stressors.

Therefore, the best choices are A and D.

Studies of Personality and Coping Styles Have Found That the Stress-Immune