National trends indicate that juvenile justice systems are growing more formal, restrictive, and punitive.

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Recent research has shown that in many parts of the United States, juvenile justice systems have become more formal, restrictive, and punitive in their approach to juvenile offenders. Rather than focusing on rehabilitation and restorative justice, many systems are using harsher punishments, such as detention and incarceration, to address youth crime. This trend has been criticized by many experts in the field, who argue that such policies do not effectively address the root causes of juvenile delinquency and can actually make it more difficult for young people to successfully reintegrate into their communities.

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