In the case of a proto-oncogene like Ras,both copies of the gene must be mutated to increase a predisposition to cancer.

Name: In the case of a proto-oncogene like Ras,both copies of the gene must be mutated to increase a predisposition to cancer.
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In the case of proto-oncogenes, only one copy of the gene must be mutated to increase a predisposition to cancer. This is what is meant by a "gain-of-function" mutation.

In the Case of a Proto-Oncogene Like Ras,both Copies of the Gene