Which of the following processes is non-spontaneous at standard temperature and pressure?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Non-spontaneous processes require an input of energy to occur. At standard temperature and pressure, processes like rust formation, melting of ice, and diffusion of perfume molecules are spontaneous because they proceed without needing an external energy input. However, a reaction at equilibrium is in a state of balance between the forward and reverse reactions. Forcing it to move to a non-equilibrium state would require an input of energy, making it a non-spontaneous process.

Which of the Following Processes Is Non-Spontaneous at Standard Temperature