Steps 1-5 of Glycolysis Are Referred to as the "Energy

Steps 1-5 of glycolysis are referred to as the "energy investment" portion of the process because these steps

A) consume ATP instead of producing it.
B) generate waste products which cost ATP for disposal.
C) produce NADH which is less energy-rich than ATP.
D) involve several endergonic isomerizations.
E) none of the above