Which of the Following Statements Is False

Which of the following statements is false?

A) Individuals in the highest tax brackets have a preference for stocks that pay high dividends, whereas tax-free investors and corporations have a preference for stocks with low or no dividends.
B) To compare investor preferences, we must quantify the combined effects of dividend and capital gains taxes to determine an effective dividend tax rate for an investor.
C) The dividend-capture theory states that absent transaction costs, investors can trade shares at the time of the dividend so that non-taxed investors receive the dividend.
D) Differences in tax preferences create clientele effects, in which the dividend policy of a firm is optimized for the tax preference of its investor clientele.