If participants know they have been given alcohol in an experiment,they may expect certain effects such as giddiness or relaxation.The general term for such cues that guide participants' behavior in a study is

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Demand characteristics refer to cues in an experiment that suggest to participants what behavior is expected or desired by the experimenter, which can influence the participants' behavior and potentially bias the results.

If Participants Know They Have Been Given Alcohol in an Experiment,they