Two statistical methods that researchers use to determine whether an independent variable has a reliable effect on a dependent variable are

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Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) and confidence intervals (CI) are widely used statistical methods to determine the reliability of an independent variable's effect on a dependent variable. NHST tests whether the observed effect is statistically significant, while CI estimates the range of values within which the true effect is likely to fall. Together, these methods provide a more complete understanding of the strength and practical significance of the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

Two Statistical Methods That Researchers Use to Determine Whether an Independent