Which of the following short-acting catecholamines are used for their strong $\alpha$₁-vasoconstricting effects to reduce swelling in the nose and larynx and to control bleeding during bronchoscopic biopsy?

Question

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Racemic epinephrine is a short-acting catecholamine that has strong vasoconstricting effects on both alpha and beta receptors. It is used to reduce swelling in the nose and larynx and to control bleeding during bronchoscopic biopsy. Isoproterenol and isoetharine are both beta-agonists and are not effective in reducing swelling or controlling bleeding in this scenario. Dobutamine is a beta-agonist that is primarily used as a cardiac stimulant, and would not have significant vasoconstricting effects.

Which of the Following Short-Acting Catecholamines Are Used for Their α\alphaα

Which of the Following Short-Acting Catecholamines Are Used for Their $\alpha$