Noninvasive Positive-Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) Should Not Be Considered for Which

Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) should not be considered for which patients?
I.those who require an artificial airway
II.those who are prone to aspiration
III.those who have excessive secretions
IV.those who are hemodynamically unstable

A) I and III
B) I, II, and III
C) II, III, and IV
D) I, II, III, and IV