When municipal water treatment plants are not available, which of the following methods of purification might be utilized?

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

When municipal water treatment plants are not available, chemical purification with iodine and boiling are the most commonly used methods of purification. Chlorine is an effective inactivator of most bacteria and viruses, but it can be dangerous in high concentrations, and there are concerns about its byproducts. Reverse osmosis is a more complex and expensive process that requires specialized equipment and is not commonly used in emergency situations. Boiling is a simple and effective way to kill most pathogens, but it does not remove impurities. Iodine can kill many harmful organisms and is effective against viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. While iodine tablets are easily obtainable and portable, they can be ineffective against tough-to-kill organisms like Cryptosporidium. Thus, using both boiling and chemical treatment, such as with iodine, can provide a more effective and comprehensive defense against waterborne illnesses.

When Municipal Water Treatment Plants Are Not Available, Which of the Following