The experimental work of early twentieth-century physicists challenged and ultimately invalidated

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The experimental work of early twentieth-century physicists, such as Albert Einstein and Max Planck, challenged and ultimately invalidated Newton's rational, mechanical conception of the universe. They showed that the laws of motion and gravity, which had been assumed to be universal and absolute, were actually relative and dependent on the observer's frame of reference. This led to the development of the theory of relativity and the modern understanding of the nature of space, time, and gravity.

The Experimental Work of Early Twentieth-Century Physicists Challenged and Ultimately