Both Tasha and Eric Made a "D" on Their First

Both Tasha and Eric made a "D" on their first psychology test.Tasha plans to study harder and do as much extra credit as she can in order to pull this grade up to an "A" before the end of the semester.However, Eric feels sure that he can pull a "C" out of the course, which is good enough for his program of study.Tasha and Eric appear to place different __________ on grades.

A) reinforcement values
B) expectancy values
C) self-reinforcements
D) self-efficacies