Question 1

Ray avoids getting too emotionally close to anyone for fear that the person will use information against him.He also views playful teasing as a deliberate insult.Ray is displaying symptoms that are characteristic of which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Ray's fear of others using information against him and his perception of playful teasing as deliberate insult suggest that he may have paranoid personality disorder. People with this disorder often have a pervasive distrust of others and may be suspicious of their motives. They may avoid forming close relationships due to a fear of being betrayed or exploited.

Question 2

Armand has been in therapy for two months.He has been unable to keep a steady job because he reacts so angrily to ordinary criticism and quits his job only to experience intense self-hatred.He has felt like he was making progress in therapy.However,when the therapist introduces Armand to the therapist that will be taking over her cases while she is on vacation,Armand angrily storms out of the office and takes a brick and breaks the window of his therapist's office.Armand is showing symptoms of which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Armand's inability to handle criticism, intense self-hatred, and angry reactions are all indicative of borderline personality disorder. His extreme reaction to meeting a new therapist and breaking the window also fits with borderline personality disorder's tendency towards impulsivity and unstable emotions. The other personality disorders listed do not fit with all of Armand's symptoms.

Question 3

Keelie's parents are concerned about her impulsivity and unpredictability that have persisted beyond her adolescent years.She is extremely sensitive to any hint of criticism and her erratic moods and impulses have ultimately affected any chance of her developing stable relationships or holding a job.Keelie is showing symptoms of which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Keelie's impulsivity, unpredictable behavior, sensitivity to criticism, and unstable relationships are consistent with the symptoms of borderline personality disorder.

Question 4

The psychodynamic,humanistic-existential,cognitive,and behavioral explanations of disordered behavior all agree that

Accepted Answer

All four explanations agree that disordered behavior is self-defeating and ultimately leads to increased misery, even though it may provide temporary relief from anxiety. However, the other options are not universally agreed upon by all of the explanations.

Question 5

People who think of themselves as wonderful,brilliant,important,and worthy of constant admiration have the characteristics of which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

People who think of themselves as wonderful, brilliant, important, and worthy of constant admiration have the characteristics of Narcissistic Personality Disorder. This disorder is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others.

Question 6

A cognitive therapist would tend to support which explanation of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapists focus on the role of irrational and negative thought patterns in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Keith's perception of criticism and expectation of failure are examples of distorted thinking patterns that a cognitive therapist would aim to address. The other options do not align with the cognitive explanation of anxiety.

Question 7

Although she is capable of working,Judy has repeatedly lost jobs because of her turbulent relationships with the people she worked with.At times she can be friendly,while at other times she is extremely unpredictable and moody.Judy often reacts with rage or self-loathing to small incidents,such as ordinary criticism or a friend forgetting a lunch date.Judy is showing symptoms of which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Judy's turbulent relationships, unpredictability, moodiness, and extreme reactions to small incidents are all typical symptoms of borderline personality disorder. Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by dramatic and attention-seeking behavior, narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance and a lack of empathy for others, and dependent personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive need for others to take care of the individual. None of these fit Judy's symptoms as well as borderline personality disorder.

Question 8

Like most people with social phobia,Bonnie is a perfectionist and is excessively concerned with making mistakes,perceives criticism where there is none,avoids social situations that focus too much attention on her,and tends to have distorted thoughts that she has failed even when she is successful.This explanation of Bonnie's social phobia is consistent with which view of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Bonnie's excessive concern with making mistakes and distorted thoughts suggest a cognitive view of anxiety disorders, which emphasizes the role of negative thought patterns and irrational beliefs in causing anxiety.

Question 9

Schizotypal,schizoid,borderline,and histrionic are four types of

Accepted Answer

Schizotypal, schizoid, borderline, and histrionic are all examples of personality disorders. Psychoses and neuroses are broader categories that can include many different types of mental health disorders, while schizophrenia is a specific psychotic disorder that is distinct from these personality disorders.

Question 10

According to which psychological view does distorted thinking cause people to magnify ordinary threats and failures leading to distress and the development of various anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

The cognitive view suggests that distorted thinking patterns can lead to the development of anxiety disorders. People prone to anxiety tend to magnify ordinary threats or failures, and engage in selective perception and interpretation of information that confirms their beliefs about the danger of situations. By reevaluating and correcting these distorted thought patterns, individuals can reduce their anxiety and manage their symptoms more effectively.

Question 11

Changing the thinking patterns of anxious individuals can greatly lessen their fears,according to _______ therapists.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapists focus on changing the thought patterns that contribute to anxiety, rather than solely targeting behavior.

Question 12

A person with which personality disorder would have an extremely unstable self-image,would be moody,extremely sensitive to any hint of criticism or rejection by others,and unable to form stable relationships?

Accepted Answer

These are classic symptoms of borderline personality disorder. People with this disorder have an unstable self-image, struggle with mood swings, and tend to be highly sensitive to any perceived criticism or rejection. Additionally, their relationships are often intense and unstable, with frequent idealization and devaluation of others.

Question 13

Which of the following personality disorders describes a person who has an exaggerated sense of self-importance,who needs constant admiration,and often fantasizes about power,wealth,brilliance,or beauty?

Accepted Answer

The description fits the diagnostic criteria for narcissistic personality disorder, which includes an inflated sense of self-importance, a need for admiration, and fantasies of power, wealth, or beauty. Dependent personality disorder involves a pervasive need to be taken care of, while histrionic personality disorder is characterized by excessive attention-seeking behavior. Schizoid personality disorder involves detachment from social relationships and limited emotional expression.

Question 14

Thomas tends to be so overly suspicious of people's motives that he appears to trust no one.Whenever someone compliments him,Thomas always thinks to himself that they are just "buttering him up for a favor." Thomas fits the description of which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Thomas' behavior is consistent with paranoid personality disorder, which is characterized by excessive suspicion and distrust of others. This suspicion often leads to a reluctance to confide in others, and a tendency to interpret benign comments or behaviors as being hostile or threatening. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for the rights of others, while borderline personality disorder is characterized by instability in mood, behavior, and relationships. Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a grandiose sense of self-importance and a lack of empathy for others. None of these disorders fully capture Thomas' tendency towards suspicion and distrust.

Question 15

Regarding personality disorders,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Personality disorders do not typically emerge abruptly after a traumatic experience. They are long-standing patterns of behavior that typically persist throughout a person's lifetime.

Question 16

Which of the following types of psychologists would say that the anxiety reduction hypothesis explains why a person continues to display self-defeating avoidance behaviors?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of psychologists...

Question 17

A cognitive therapist would view unhealthy anxiety as

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative or distorted thinking patterns that contribute to unhealthy emotions and behaviors. Therefore, a cognitive therapist would view unhealthy anxiety as the result of distorted thinking.

Question 18

Anxiety-based disorders are best understood by

Accepted Answer

Anxiety-based disorders are complex and can be best understood by integrating various perspectives, as each offers unique insights and treatment approaches. The psychodynamic approach explores unconscious conflicts, the existential approach focuses on existential fears and meaning, and the cognitive approach examines thought patterns. Combining these perspectives provides a more comprehensive understanding and treatment strategy.

Question 19

Nancy tends to be a perfectionist,is excessively concerned about making errors,and perceives criticism where none exists.Even when she is successful,her distorted thinking leads her to think she has failed.Nancy will most likely develop

Accepted Answer

Nancy's distorted thinking and tendency towards perfectionism indicate cognitive factors at play. These cognitive factors can contribute to the development of a social phobia, particularly if she perceives negative evaluation from others as particularly threatening. Somatic symptom disorder and acute stress disorder are not necessarily linked to the cognitive factors present in Nancy's case, and "depressive neurosis" is not a recognized diagnosis in modern psychiatric practice.

Question 20

A person who is deeply distrustful and suspicious of others,as well as being guarded and hypersensitive,would be classified as having which personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

The description provided matches the symptoms of paranoid personality disorder, which is characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspicion of others, along with guarded and hypersensitive behavior.

Quiz 63: Psychological Disorders: Anxiety-Based Disorders and Personality Disorders