Your classmate has a son who just turned 4,whom she disciplines with physical punishment quite a lot.It appears to her that she is not being very effective in her discipline style and asks you your opinion regarding physical punishment.Citing research,you tell her that longitudinal research has discovered that physical punishment is associated with ____,though outcomes vary depending on cultural context.

Question

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Longitudinal research has found that physical punishment is associated with negative outcomes such as increased aggression, delinquency, and mental health problems in children. These negative outcomes can also extend into adulthood and may include spousal abuse later in life. However, it's important to note that the outcomes of physical punishment can vary depending on cultural context.

Your Classmate Has a Son Who Just Turned 4,whom She