The fundamental source of instability in the Balkans in the 1990s was:

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The breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991 was the fundamental source of instability in the Balkans in the 1990s, leading to ethnic conflicts, civil wars, and the displacement of millions of people. The breakup of Yugoslavia created several new states, including Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, and Montenegro, which struggled to establish stable political and economic systems. The conflict between Orthodox Christians and Catholics played a role in some of the conflicts, but it was not the root cause of the instability in the Balkans. Poverty and petroleum supplies were not major factors in the breakup of Yugoslavia or the subsequent conflicts. German and Italian ambitions were not significant factors in the Balkans in the 1990s.

The Fundamental Source of Instability in the Balkans in the 1990s