To Become Commercially Viable, Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) Will Have

To become commercially viable, recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) will have to overcome several challenges. Choose the correct matching of a challenge that RAS has to overcome with its solution.

A) most commercially important marine fish would not reproduce in captivity - development of a hormone supplement for the fish that tricks captive fish into breeding as they would in the wild
B) since fish raised in RAS setups are typically higher-trophic-level species, they still consume wild caught fish, maintaining the pressure on fisheries - locate RAS operations near coastal areas where it is easy to obtain wild caught fish
C) RAS operations generate a lot of waste - experiment with a variety of alternative feeds that make the fish produce less waste
D) RAS has high start-up and operating costs - employ carefully calibrated microbial communities that convert the fish waste into fuel-grade methane which offsets some of the energy costs
E) A and D