If Active Transport Establishes a Concentration Gradient with the Use

If active transport establishes a concentration gradient with the use of ATP,then the concentration gradient can be looked at as ________.

A) potential energy that can be harnessed when molecules passively diffuse down the concentration gradient
B) a byproduct of active transport that will be alleviated by pinocytosis
C) an unusable byproduct of active transport that will simply diffuse away
D) unwanted pressure that will be alleviated by channel mediated facilitated diffusion