How are the operant conditioning procedures of positive reinforcement and extinction used to modify behaviors?

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The Answer is The answer should contain the following information: Operant conditioning is a model of learning that is based on the principle that behavior is shaped and maintained by its consequences. Positive reinforcement and extinction are operant conditioning techniques that involve controlling the consequences that follow behaviors. Positive reinforcement increases the incidence of desired behaviors, whereas, extinction, or the absence of reinforcement, is used to reduce the occurrence of undesired behaviors. To extinguish an undesired behavior (say, in a child or a pet), one might ignore it rather than continue to reinforce it with attention. To positively reinforce a desired behavior, one might respond to the desired behavior with abundant praise, encouragement, social attention, and other rewards.

How Are the Operant Conditioning Procedures of Positive Reinforcement and Extinction