In Inside Bureaucracy, Anthony Downs identifies several antidistortion factors in communication: (1) multiple internal information sources and overlapping responsibilities; (2) direct communication through hierarchical levels or elimination of such levels; (3) distortion-proof messages (e.g., summarization of details in nontechnical language with little jargon); (4) external sources of information; and so on. According to the text, few presidents followed Downs's recommendations more faithfully than A)James Madison. B)Harry S Truman. C)Dwight D.Eisenhower. D)Ronald Reagan. E)Bill Clinton.

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Dwight D. Eisenhower is noted for following Downs's recommendations on communication within bureaucracy, emphasizing clear communication and multiple information sources.

In Inside Bureaucracy, Anthony Downs Identifies Several Antidistortion Factors in Communication