Which of the following ankle-brachial index measurements require a referral to a vascular consultant?

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An ABI of 0.5 indicates severe arterial disease and requires referral to a vascular consultant for further evaluation and management. An ABI of 1.2 suggests non-compressible arteries which may be caused by arterial calcification and requires further assessment. An ABI of 1 is considered normal, while an ABI of 0.9 indicates mild to moderate arterial disease and may require lifestyle modifications or medication management.

Which of the Following Ankle-Brachial Index Measurements Require a Referral