Which of the following are indications to use noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in patients who have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with nocturnal hypoventilation?
1) PaCO₂ greater than 55 mm Hg
2) More than two hospitalizations related to hypercapnic respiratory failure
3) PaCO₂ greater than 65 mm Hg
4) PaCO₂ between 50 and 54 mm Hg with nocturnal desaturation

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

According to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines, NIV should be considered for patients with COPD and nocturnal hypoventilation if they have chronic hypercapnia (PaCO2 greater than 55 mm Hg) or a history of two or more hospitalizations for hypercapnic respiratory failure. NIV may also be considered if the patient has PaCO2 between 50 and 54 mm Hg with evidence of nocturnal desaturation. Therefore, options 1, 2, and 4 are all indications for NIV use in patients with COPD and nocturnal hypoventilation. Option 3 is incorrect because a PaCO2 greater than 65 mm Hg is not a specific indication for NIV use in this patient population.

Which of the Following Are Indications to Use Noninvasive Ventilation