Janitors in India might make $1,000 per year, while they could easily earn $20,000 per year in the United States. How is this a forgone gain from trade?

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This is a forgone gain from trade because if Indian janitors were able to work in the United States, they could earn a much higher wage, which would increase their standard of living and add to the overall surplus of both countries. Conversely, if American janitors were able to work in India, they could earn a higher wage than local janitors, which would also increase total surplus.

Janitors in India Might Make $1,000 Per Year, While They