The initial force of attraction between an antigen and an antibody is called:

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Affinity refers to the strength of the initial interaction between a single antigen-binding site on an antibody and an epitope (small, specific part of an antigen). It is determined by factors such as the shape, size, and chemical properties of the antigen and antibody combining sites. Avidity refers to the overall strength of binding between an antibody and multiple identical or nearly identical epitopes on a single antigen molecule or multivalent structure. Equivalence refers to the point at which all of the available antibody binding sites have been saturated by antigen, and no more binding can take place. Van der Waals forces are weak intermolecular forces that contribute to attraction between molecules or parts of molecules, but are not specific to antigen-antibody interactions.

The Initial Force of Attraction Between an Antigen and an Antibody