When we measure the mass of a planet using the Doppler shift method, we know that it is mass

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The Doppler shift method measures the mass of a planet by detecting the wobble it induces in its parent star's motion. The size of the wobble is directly related to the mass of the planet, but the exact size of the wobble depends on the orientation of the planet's orbit relative to Earth, among other factors. Therefore, the measured mass is only an estimate, and the true mass could be larger or smaller than the measured value.

When We Measure the Mass of a Planet Using the Doppler