The concept that individuals with issues relating to impaired cognitive understanding should not be held culpable was used as early as the Roman Empire. Roman law classified those individuals to be non compos mentis, or:

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"Non compos mentis" translates to "without mastery of mind," indicating that the concept was that individuals with impaired cognitive understanding should not be held culpable. Option A ("not quite all there") may imply a less serious or clinical connotation, while option B ("mentally competent") conveys the opposite of the intended meaning. Option D ("mens rea") is a legal term referring to the mental state necessary for a person to commit a crime and is not directly related to the concept of non compos mentis.

The Concept That Individuals with Issues Relating to Impaired Cognitive