Question 1

Automobile batteries use 3.0 M H₂SO₄as an electrolyte. How much 1.20 M NaOH will be needed to neutralize 225 mL of battery acid? H₂SO₄(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) $\to$2H₂O(l) + Na₂SO₄(aq)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Automobile batteries use 3.0 M H₂SO₄as...

Question 2

What is the oxidation number of iodine in I₂.

Accepted Answer

Iodine is in its elemental form in I2, which has an oxidation number of 0.

Question 3

Which of the following is a strong base?

Accepted Answer

Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide, which is a common strong base used in various applications such as in the production of cement and in the treatment of water. The other options are not as strong as Ca(OH)2.

Question 4

A 0.00100 mol sample of Ca(OH)₂ requires 25.00 mL of aqueous HCl for neutralization according to the reaction below. What is the concentration of the HCl? Equation: Ca(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) $\to$ CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 0.00100 mol sample of Ca(OH)₂ requires...

Question 5

Calculate the oxidation number of the chlorine in perchloric acid, HClO₄, a strong oxidizing agent.

Accepted Answer

In perchloric acid (HClO4), the oxidation state of oxygen is always -2 unless it is bonded to fluorine. The overall charge of the molecule is 0, so the sum of the oxidation states of each element must equal 0. Therefore, we can set up the equation:

(+1) + x + 4(-2) = 0

where x is the oxidation state of chlorine (+1 because hydrogen is always +1 in compounds). Solving for x, we get:

x = +7

Therefore, the oxidation state of chlorine in perchloric acid is +7. Since chlorine is in the highest possible oxidation state, perchloric acid is a strong oxidizing agent.

Question 6

Sodium tripolyphosphate is used in detergents to make them effective in hard water. Calculate the oxidation number of phosphorus in Na₅P₃O₁₀.

Accepted Answer

In the formula Na5P3O10, the total charge of Na is +5, and the total charge of O is -40. We know that the overall charge of the molecule is 0, so we can solve for the charge of P, which is +5. Therefore, the oxidation number of phosphorus in Na5P3O10 (sodium tripolyphosphate) is +5.

Question 7

Which of the following is a weak acid?

Accepted Answer

HF is a weak acid because it only partially ionizes in water, while the other options are strong acids that completely ionize in water.

Question 8

Select the best statement relating to the following reaction: 2MnO₂(s) + KClO₃(aq) + 2KOH(aq) $\to$ 2KMnO₄(aq) + KCl(aq) + H₂O(l)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select the best statement relating to the...

Question 9

Which of the following is a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

HNO3 (nitric acid) is a strong acid, meaning it completely dissociates into its ions in aqueous solution.

Question 10

Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid, CH₃COOH, dissolved in water. A 5.54-g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 30.10 mL of 0.100 M NaOH. What is the percent by weight of acetic acid in the vinegar?

Accepted Answer

First, calculate the number of moles of NaOH used:
0.100 M x 0.03010 L = 0.00301 mol NaOH
Since the reaction is a 1:1 neutralization between NaOH and acetic acid, there must have been 0.00301 mol of acetic acid in the vinegar sample.
Next, calculate the mass of acetic acid in the sample:
0.00301 mol x 60.05 g/mol (molar mass of acetic acid) = 0.1809 g acetic acid
Finally, calculate the percent by weight of acetic acid in the vinegar:
0.1809 g acetic acid / 5.54 g vinegar x 100% = 3.26% acetic acid. Therefore, the correct answer is (C).

Question 11

Select the net ionic equation for the reaction between lithium hydroxide and hydrobromic acid. LiOH(aq) + HBr(aq) $\to$ H₂O(l) + LiBr(aq)

Accepted Answer

The net ionic equation represents only the species that undergo a chemical change. In this reaction, H⁺ from HBr and OH^- from LiOH combine to form water, H₂O. The Li⁺ and Br^- ions remain unchanged and are spectator ions.

Question 12

Which one of the following substances is a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

HNO3 is a strong acid, meaning it completely dissociates in water to release H+ ions. The other options are either weak acids or not acids at all.

Question 13

Which, if any, of the following properties applies to weak acids?

Accepted Answer

Weak acids only partially ionize in water, so they do not completely dissociate into ions. They are also not strong electrolytes or excellent conductors of electricity. Therefore, the correct choice is C.

Question 14

How many milliliters of 1.58 M HCl are needed to react completely with 23.2 g of NaHCO₃( = 84.02 g/mol)? HCl(aq) + NaHCO₃(s) $\to$ NaCl(s) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many milliliters of 1.58 M HCl...

Question 15

In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred

Accepted Answer

In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from the substance being oxidized (losing electrons) to the substance being reduced (gaining electrons). This transfer of electrons is what causes the oxidation-reduction reaction, giving rise to a change in the oxidation states of the substances involved. The reducing agent is what causes the substance being reduced to gain electrons, while the oxidizing agent is what causes the substance being oxidized to lose electrons. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer as it represents the transfer of electrons from the substance being oxidized to the substance being reduced.

Question 16

Which of the following is a weak base?

Accepted Answer

NH3 is a weak base. It is not a strong base like Ca(OH)2 and Ba(OH)2, and it does not dissociate completely in water like NaOH. CH3COOH is an acid, not a base.

Question 17

Select the correct set of products for the following reaction. Ba(OH)₂(aq) + HNO₃(aq) $\to$

Accepted Answer

The products of the reaction are Ba(NOS13)2 and H2O, as the sulfate ion (SO42-) from Ba(OH)2 combines with the nitrate ion (NO3-) from HNO3 to form Ba(NOS13)2, while the two hydroxide ions (OH-) from the Ba(OH)2 combine with one hydrogen ion (H+) from the HNO3 to form water (H2O). Therefore, choice B is the correct set of products.

Question 18

A standard solution of 0.243 M NaOH was used to determine the concentration of a hydrochloric acid solution. If 46.33 mL of NaOH is needed to neutralize 10.00 mL of the acid, what is the molar concentration of the acid?

Accepted Answer

First, we can use the equation:

M(acid) * V(acid) = M(base) * V(base)

where:

- M(acid) = molar concentration of the acid (what we want to find)
- V(acid) = volume of acid used (10.00 mL)
- M(base) = molar concentration of NaOH solution (0.243 M)
- V(base) = volume of NaOH solution used (46.33 mL or 0.04633 L)

Plugging in the values, we get:

M(acid) * 0.01000 L = (0.243 M) * 0.04633 L
M(acid) = (0.243 M * 0.04633 L) / 0.01000 L
M(acid) = 1.125 M

Therefore, the molar concentration of the acid solution is 1.13 M, and the correct answer is C.

Question 19

Calculate the oxidation number of sulfur in sodium metabisulfite, Na₂S₂O₅.

Accepted Answer

In sodium metabisulfite, the formula unit can be written as Na2S2O5. Sodium (Na) has a fixed oxidation number of +1 in all of its compounds. Oxygen (O) has a fixed oxidation number of -2 in practically all of its compounds. We can therefore calculate the oxidation number of sulfur (S) in this compound as follows:

2(+1) + 2x + 5(-2) = 0              (the sum of the oxidation numbers in any compound must be equal to zero)

Solving for x gives x = +4 for the oxidation number of sulfur in Na2S2O5.

Question 20

Ammonia, NH₃, produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution by

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ammonia, NH₃, produces hydroxide ions in aqueous...

Quiz 4: The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Automobile batteries use 3.0 M H₂SO₄as an electrolyte. How much 1.20 M NaOH will be needed to neutralize 225 mL of battery acid? H₂SO₄(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) $\to$ 2H₂O(l) + Na₂SO₄(aq)

What is the oxidation number of iodine in I₂.

Which of the following is a strong base?

A 0.00100 mol sample of Ca(OH) ₂ requires 25.00 mL of aqueous HCl for neutralization according to the reaction below. What is the concentration of the HCl? Equation: Ca(OH) ₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) $\to$ CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

Calculate the oxidation number of the chlorine in perchloric acid, HClO₄, a strong oxidizing agent.

Sodium tripolyphosphate is used in detergents to make them effective in hard water. Calculate the oxidation number of phosphorus in Na₅P₃O₁₀.

Which of the following is a weak acid?

Select the best statement relating to the following reaction: 2MnO₂(s) + KClO₃(aq) + 2KOH(aq) $\to$ 2KMnO₄(aq) + KCl(aq) + H₂O(l)

Which of the following is a strong acid?

Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid, CH₃COOH, dissolved in water. A 5.54-g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 30.10 mL of 0.100 M NaOH. What is the percent by weight of acetic acid in the vinegar?

Select the net ionic equation for the reaction between lithium hydroxide and hydrobromic acid. LiOH(aq) + HBr(aq) $\to$ H₂O(l) + LiBr(aq)

Which one of the following substances is a strong acid?

Which, if any, of the following properties applies to weak acids?

In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred

Which of the following is a weak base?

Select the correct set of products for the following reaction. Ba(OH) ₂(aq) + HNO₃(aq) $\to$

A standard solution of 0.243 M NaOH was used to determine the concentration of a hydrochloric acid solution. If 46.33 mL of NaOH is needed to neutralize 10.00 mL of the acid, what is the molar concentration of the acid?

Calculate the oxidation number of sulfur in sodium metabisulfite, Na₂S₂O₅.

Ammonia, NH₃, produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution by

Quiz 4: The Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Automobile batteries use 3.0 M H2SO4 as an electrolyte. How much 1.20 M NaOH will be needed to neutralize 225 mL of battery acid? H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) →\to→ 2H2O(l) + Na2SO4(aq)

What is the oxidation number of iodine in I2.

Which of the following is a strong base?

A 0.00100 mol sample of Ca(OH) 2 requires 25.00 mL of aqueous HCl for neutralization according to the reaction below. What is the concentration of the HCl? Equation: Ca(OH) 2(s) + 2HCl(aq) →\to→ CaCl2(aq) + H2O(l)

Calculate the oxidation number of the chlorine in perchloric acid, HClO4, a strong oxidizing agent.

Sodium tripolyphosphate is used in detergents to make them effective in hard water. Calculate the oxidation number of phosphorus in Na5P3O10.

Which of the following is a weak acid?

Select the best statement relating to the following reaction: 2MnO2(s) + KClO3(aq) + 2KOH(aq) →\to→ 2KMnO4(aq) + KCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Which of the following is a strong acid?

Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid, CH3COOH, dissolved in water. A 5.54-g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 30.10 mL of 0.100 M NaOH. What is the percent by weight of acetic acid in the vinegar?

Select the net ionic equation for the reaction between lithium hydroxide and hydrobromic acid. LiOH(aq) + HBr(aq) →\to→ H2O(l) + LiBr(aq)

Which one of the following substances is a strong acid?

Which, if any, of the following properties applies to weak acids?

How many milliliters of 1.58 M HCl are needed to react completely with 23.2 g of NaHCO3 ( = 84.02 g/mol) ? HCl(aq) + NaHCO3(s) →\to→ NaCl(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred

Which of the following is a weak base?

Select the correct set of products for the following reaction. Ba(OH) 2(aq) + HNO3(aq) →\to→

A standard solution of 0.243 M NaOH was used to determine the concentration of a hydrochloric acid solution. If 46.33 mL of NaOH is needed to neutralize 10.00 mL of the acid, what is the molar concentration of the acid?

Calculate the oxidation number of sulfur in sodium metabisulfite, Na2S2O5.

Ammonia, NH3, produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution by

Automobile batteries use 3.0 M H₂SO₄as an electrolyte. How much 1.20 M NaOH will be needed to neutralize 225 mL of battery acid? H₂SO₄(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) $\to$ 2H₂O(l) + Na₂SO₄(aq)

What is the oxidation number of iodine in I₂.

A 0.00100 mol sample of Ca(OH) ₂ requires 25.00 mL of aqueous HCl for neutralization according to the reaction below. What is the concentration of the HCl? Equation: Ca(OH) ₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) $\to$ CaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l)

Calculate the oxidation number of the chlorine in perchloric acid, HClO₄, a strong oxidizing agent.

Sodium tripolyphosphate is used in detergents to make them effective in hard water. Calculate the oxidation number of phosphorus in Na₅P₃O₁₀.

Select the best statement relating to the following reaction: 2MnO₂(s) + KClO₃(aq) + 2KOH(aq) $\to$ 2KMnO₄(aq) + KCl(aq) + H₂O(l)

Vinegar is a solution of acetic acid, CH₃COOH, dissolved in water. A 5.54-g sample of vinegar was neutralized by 30.10 mL of 0.100 M NaOH. What is the percent by weight of acetic acid in the vinegar?

Select the net ionic equation for the reaction between lithium hydroxide and hydrobromic acid. LiOH(aq) + HBr(aq) $\to$ H₂O(l) + LiBr(aq)

Select the correct set of products for the following reaction. Ba(OH) ₂(aq) + HNO₃(aq) $\to$

Calculate the oxidation number of sulfur in sodium metabisulfite, Na₂S₂O₅.

Ammonia, NH₃, produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution by